Metacognition an Overview
We engage in Metacognition activities everyday, is enabled to learners
and is associated with intelligence.
Metacognition can be in different activities such to approach a given
learning task, monitoring comprehension and evaluation progress.
Metacognition is very important to develop of students and how they can learn
Through metacognitive control.
Metacognition is define as "thinking about thinking" but is
not that easy to define, because there are many concept relationated with metacognition
(self regulation, executive control, meta-memory...etc). According to Flavell metacognition
consists of both metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive experiences or
regulation. Flavell divides metacognitive knowledge in three categories: knowledge
of person variables, task variables and strategy variables.
Metacognitive Knowledge
Is how the human beings learn and process the information.
Metacognitive Regulation
Involve the use of metacognitive strategies or metacognitive regulation
(Brown). Metacognitive strategies are sequential processes that one uses to
control cognitive activities and to ensure that a cognitive goal.
Cognitive vs Metacognitive Strategies
The difference between a cognitive and a metacognitive strategy:
Cognitive strategies are used and individual achieve a particular goal while
metacognitive strategies are used to ensure that the goal has been reached.
Metacognitive and cognitive strategies may overlap the same strategy.
Knowledge is considered to be a metacognitive process that is used to
reach a goal.
Metacognition and Intelligence
Metacognition has been linked to intelligence. The process of metacognition
involves planning, evaluating and monitoring problem-solving and these
abilities allocate cognitive resources and to decide how and when given
task is part of use the intelligence.
Metacognition and Cognitive Strategy
Instruction
There are people that have more metacognitive than others. The
individual can learn how to better regulate their cognitive activities.
Metacognition enables students to benefit from instruction and
influences the use and maintenance of cognitive strategies. The most effective involves
the learner with both knowledge of cognitive process and strategies, and
experience or practice in using both.
The study of metacognition has provided educational psychologist because
all the learning is part of the cognitive process and the students can be more
or less successful than peers. The teacher has the responsibility id teach to
the students about their learning process and to regulate fore more effective
learning.
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